NCERT Solutions
Class 11 Maths
Sets

Ex.Misc.Q.15
In a survey of 60 people, it was found that 25 people read newspaper H, 26 read newspaper T, 26 read newspaper I,
9 read both H and I, 11 read both H and T, 8 read both T and I, 3 read all three newspapers. Find:
(1) the number of people who read at least one of the newspapers.
(2) the number of people who read exactly one newspaper.
Let A be the set of people who read newspaper H. Let B be the set of people who read newspaper T.
Let C be the set of people who read newspaper I.
Accordingly,
n(A) = 25, n(B) = 26, n(C) = 26, n (A ∩ C) = 9, n (A ∩ B) = 11, n (B ∩ C) = 8, n (A ∩ B ∩ C) = 3
Let U be the set of people who took part in the survey.
(1) Accordingly,
n (A B C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) – n (A ∩ B) – n (B ∩ C) – n (C ∩ A) + n (A ∩ B ∩ C)
= 25 + 26 + 26 – 11 – 8 – 9 + 3
= 52
Hence, 52 people read at least one of the newspapers.
(2) Let a be the number of people who read newspapers H and T only.
Let b denote the number of people who read newspapers I and H only.
Let c denote the number of people who read newspapers T and I only.
Let d denote the number of people who read all three newspapers.
Accordingly, d = n (A ∩ B ∩ C) = 3
Now, n (A ∩ B) = a + d
n (B ∩ C) = c + d
n (C ∩ A) = b + d
So, a + d + c + d + b + d = 11 + 8 + 9 = 28
=> a + b + c + d = 28 – 2d = 28 – 6 = 22
Hence, (52 – 22) = 30 people read exactly one newspaper.