NEET Biology
Breathing and Exchange of Gases
Question 1:
Sudden coughing of an individual while swallowing the food could arise due to improper movement of: [Level: Moderate]
(a) Glottis
(b) Diaphragm
(c) Tongue
(d) Epiglottis
Question 2:
Which among the following set of conditions favour dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin? [Level: Difficult]
(a) High temperature, high pH and high pCO2
(b) High temperature, high pH and low pCO2
(c) Low temperature, low pH and high pO2
(d) High temperature, low pH and high pCO2
Question 3:
The volume of air that remains in the lungs after normal expiration is: [Level: Moderate]
(a) expiratory reserve volume
(b) functional residual capacity
(c) expiratory capacity
(d) vital capacity
Question 4:
The volumes of air exchanged during breathing cycles could be measured using: [Level: Easy]
(a) spirometer
(b) sphygmomanometer
(c) glucometer
(d) stethoscope
Question 5:
Which among the following takes place during expiration? [Level: Moderate]
(a) External intercostal muscles contracts
(b) Diaphragm muscles contract
(c) Overall thoracic volume decreases
(d) Intrapulmonary pressure decreases
Question 6:
The membrane that covers the lungs is: [Level: Easy]
(a) pleura
(b) pericardium
(c) sarcolemma
(d) plasmalemma
Question 7:
Which of the following represents the partial pressure of oxygen in the oxygenated blood? [Level: Moderate]
(a) 95 mm Hg
(b) 159 mm Hg
(c) 40 mm Hg
(d) 20 mm Hg
Question 8:
Which of the following term is given to the exchange of chloride and bicarbonate ions between the plasma and the red blood cells? [Level: Moderate]
(a) Hamburger’s effect
(b) Bohr’s effect
(c) Haldane’s effect
(d) Pavlov’s effect
Question 9:
The pneumotaxic centre that controls breathing is located in the: [Level: Easy]
(a) Cerebellum
(b) Pons varoli
(c) Cerebrum
(d) Medulla
Question 10:
An allergic respiratory disorder characterised by inflammation of the bronchi and the bronchioles is: [Level: Moderate]
(a) Emphysema
(b) Asthma
(c) Lung fibrosis
(d) Silicosis
Question 11:
The inner lining of the trachea is composed of: [Level: Moderate]
(a) stratified columnar epithelium
(b) pseudostratified ciliated epithelium
(c) pseudostratified cuboidal epithelium
(d) simple squamous epithelium
Question 12:
The division of trachea into two bronchi takes place at the level of: [Level: Moderate]
(a) 3rd thoracic vertebra
(b) 2nd lumbar vertebra
(c) 3rd cervical vertebra
(d) 5th thoracic vertebra
Question 13:
Given below are the respiratory volumes of an individual. [Level: Difficult]
Tidal volume (TV) = 550 ml
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) = 2500 ml
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) = 1000 ml
Residual Volume (RV) = 1200 ml
From the data given above, find out the Functional residual capacity (FRC) and the Vital capacity (VC) of the individual.
(a) FRC = 2200 ml, VC = 4050 ml
(b) FRC = 3500 ml, VC = 4700 ml
(c) FRC = 1750 ml, VC = 3050 ml
(d) FRC = 3700 ml, VC = 4050 ml
Question 14:
Diffusion membrane across which gaseous exchange takes place include: [Level: Moderate]
(a) Simple squamous epithelium of alveoli, basement substance, tunica externa of the artery.
(b) Stratified squamous epithelium of alveoli, basement membrane, endothelium of capillary
(c) Simple squamous epithelium of alveoli, basement substance, endothelium of capillary
(d) Simple cuboidal epithelium of alveoli, basement substance, endothelium of capillary
Question 15:
Identify the correct set of statements from the following: [Level: Difficult]
I. Every 100 ml of oxygenated blood delivers 5ml of O2 to alveoli.
II. High concentration of carbonic anhydrase enzyme is present in the blood plasma.
III. 2 to 3% of oxygen is transported in the body as oxyhaemoglobin.
IV. Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly due to cigarette smoking.
(a) I and IV only
(b) I, III and IV
(c) II, III and IV
(d) III and IV only
Question 16:
Identify the incorrect statement with respect to the regulation of respiration in human beings. [Level: Difficult]
(a) Breathing mechanism is chiefly regulated by respiratory rhythm centre situated in the medulla oblongata.
(b) Pneumotaxic centre situated in the pons alters the rate of respiration by regulating the duration of inspiration.
(c) Some peripheral chemoreceptors are present in the carotid artery and the aortic arch that can detect increased pO2 levels and pH levels in blood.
(d) Some central chemoreceptors are situated in the medulla oblongata that can detect the increased pCO2 levels and H+ ion levels in the blood.
Question 17:
Match the pulmonary capacities given in column I to their values given in column II and find the correct answer from the options given below: [Level: Difficult]
Column I |
Column II |
1. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) |
(i) TV + IRV + ERV + RV |
2. Vital Capacity (VC) |
(ii) TV + IRV + ERV |
3. Inspiratory Capacity (IC) |
(iii) ERV + RV |
4. Total Lung Capacity (TLC) |
(iv) IRV + TV |
|
1. |
2. |
3. |
4. |
(a) |
(iii) |
(i) |
(iv) |
(ii) |
(b) |
(iv) |
(ii) |
(iii) |
(i) |
(c) |
(ii) |
(iv) |
(iii) |
(i) |
(d) |
(iii) |
(ii) |
(iv) |
(i) |
Question 18:
Around 70% of carbon dioxide transportation in blood takes place: [Level: Moderate]
(a) dissolved in plasma
(b) as carbaminohaemoglobin
(c) as bicarbonate ions
(d) bound to haemoglobin molecules
Question 19:
The volume of air that cannot be measured using a spirometer is: [Level: Easy]
(a) residual volume
(b) functional residual capacity
(c) inspiratory capacity
(d) expiratory reserve volume
Question 20:
A chronic respiratory disorder most common in cigarette smokers is: [Level: Easy]
(a) asthma
(b) pneumonia
(c) emphysema
(d) asphyxia
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