Daily Practice Problems Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Question 1:

Choose the correct options:

1. In monocot stem, the vascular bundles are:

(a) open type

(b) arranged in a ring

(d) radially arranged

2. The cells that aid in rolling and unrolling of leaf lamina in grasses are:

(a) Albuminous cells

(b) Companion cells

(d) Passage cells

3. Which among the following forms the ‘periderm’?

(a) Phellogen

(b) Phelloderm

(d) All of the above

4. What does the light coloured part in an annual ring represent?

(a) Heartwood

(b) Sapwood

(d) Autumn wood

Question 2:

Name the following:

1. A type of vascular bundle in which xylem and phloem are arranged alternately along different radii.

2. A waxy substance that is present in the casparian strip of the endodermal cells.

3. A group of plants that lack xylary vessels.

4. The collective term given to the phellogen, phelloderm and phellem.

5. The wood formed during the favourable season of growth.

Question 3:

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words:

1. The central portion of the stem constituted by rounded parenchymatous cells with large intercellular spaces is called the __________.

2. The vascular bundles in which cambium is present are called __________ vascular bundle.

3. The waxy thick layer that often covers the outer surface of the epidermis is called __________.

4. The meristem present between mature tissues is called __________ meristem.

5. Secondary growth does not occur in __________ plants.

Question 4:

Complete the given analogies by observing the relation between the first two words and then filling an appropriate word at the fourth place:

1. Angiosperms : Companion cells :: Gymnosperms : __________

2. Dead : Xylem fibre :: Living : __________

3. Green stem and leaves : Stomata :: Mature roots : __________

4.Roots : Root hairs :: Stem : __________

5. Packaging tissue : Parenchyma:: Mechanical strength : ___________

Question 5:

A plant part was dissected and its cross section was observed under a microscope. It showed the following anatomical features:

(i) The vascular bundles comprised of xylem and phloem arranged in an alternate manner along different radii.

(ii) There were four strands of xylem.

(iii) The xylem strands exhibited exarch condition.

Based on these observations, conclude which part of the plant was used?

Question 6:

Define the following terms:

1. Apical meristem

2. Conjoint vascular bundle

3. Secondary growth

4. Autumn wood

5. Bark

Question 7:

State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. In a monocot stem, the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring.

2. Anatomically, roots exhibit endarch condition of xylem strands.

3. Meristematic tissue has lost its ability to divide.

4. Dicots possess open type of vascular bundles.

5. Presence of xylem vessels are the characteristic feature of angiosperms.

Question 8:

Match the columns A and B.

Column A	Column B
1. Secondary growth	a. Light coloured
2. Sap wood	b. Guard cells
3. Lenticels	c. Monocot leaf
4. Bulliform cells	d. Dicot plants
5. Stomata	e. Gaseous exchange

Question 9:

State any one function associated with the following:

1. Collenchyma

2. Companion cells

3. Stomata

4. Mesophyll cells

5. Phellogen

Question 10:

What is meant by complex tissues? Name the two tissues that constitute complex tissues in plants.

Question 11:

Name the tissue chiefly responsible for the conduction of water and minerals in plants. Also name their components. Which of its component is a characteristic of angiosperms?

Question 12:

Briefly explain what do you mean by the exarch and endarch conditions of primary xylem?

Question 13:

Name the tissue responsible for the translocation of food within plants. List down its various components.

Question 14:

With the help of a diagram, explain the different types of vascular bundles seen in plants.

Question 15:

Draw a well labelled diagram of a transverse section through a monocot root.

Question 16:

Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the transverse section through a dicot leaf.

Question 17:

What is meant by secondary growth? Briefly explain the role of vascular cambium in causing secondary growth of plants.

Question 18:

What is meant by an ‘annual ring’? Name the types of wood that constitute an annual ring.

Question 19:

How is heartwood different from sapwood?

Question 20:

What are lenticels? How are they formed?

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