Rapidly Rising Population: India’s population has steadily increased through the years. During the past 45 years, it has risen at a rate of 2.2% per year
Low Productivity in Agriculture: A major reason for poverty is low productivity in the agriculture sector. Chiefly, it is because of fragmented and subdivided landholdings, lack of capital, illiteracy about new technologies in farming, the use of traditional methods of cultivation,  etc. 
Underutilized Resources: There is underemployment and disguised unemployment in the country, particularly in the farming sector. This has resulted in low agricultural output and also led to a dip in the standard of living.
Low Rate of Economic Development: Economic development has been low in India. There is a gap between the requirement and the availability of goods and services.
Price Rise:  This has added to the burden the poor carry. Although a few people have benefited from this, the lower-income groups have suffered because of it, and are not even able to satisfy their basic minimum wants.
Unemployment: Unemployment is another factor causing poverty in India. The ever-increasing population has led to a higher number of job-seekers. However, there is not enough expansion in opportunities to match this demand for employment.
Shortage of Capital and Able Entrepreneurship: The shortage of capital and entrepreneurship is making it harder to increase production.
Social Factors: Apart from economic and commercial, there are also social factors hindering the eradication of poverty in India. Some of the hindrances in this regard are the laws of inheritance, caste system, certain traditions, etc. 
Political Factors: The British colonization and rule over India for about two centuries have caused damaging harm to the nature of India’s economy. They also reduced many classes of people such as farmers, artisans, potters, weavers, etc. to their current state of poverty.