Let us take some examples

1. Let the number is 36

Now, 36 = 2 * 2 * 3 * 3

Now, √(36) = √(2 * 2 * 3 * 3)

=> √(36) = 2 * 3                             {after making pairs of each number, take one number}

=> √(36) = 6

So, the square root of 36 is 6. Hence 36 is a perfect square number.

2. Let the number is 32

Now, 32 = 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2

Now, √(32) = √(2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2)

=> √(32) = 2 * 2 * √2                         {after making pairs of each number, take one number}

=> √(32) = 4√2

Here the number 2 has no pair and root exists.

So, 32 is not a perfect square number.

In this way, by using prime factorization method, we can find whether a number is perfect square or not.