Solar eclipse lasts for few minutes while lunar eclipse lasts for few hours, generally.

Solar eclipse occurs when the moon blocks the Suns light by rotating around the Earth and traveling through the Suns vision while Lunar Eclipses only occur when the Earth comes in between the Moon and the Sun, this makes the Moon not visible from the night side of Earth which makes no light reach the surface.

There are many reasons for the same. Some of them are

• The main reason of eclipse formation is because of shadow. Earth is much bigger than the moon. So the shadow of the earth is also much bigger than that of the moon. The shadow on Earth made by the Moon is very small and can only be seen in a few places. 
• It takes a much larger amount of time for the Moon to travel through the Earths shadow than the Moon to travel through the vision of the Sun.