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Question:
how much water would be filled in a container of height 21 cm,so that it appears half filled to the observer when viewed from top of the container ( refractive index of water = 4/3)
Answer:

Let us say that the level of water is away from the top of the container by x cm. The actual level of water would then be 21-x cm. Also, the apparent depth would be the same level x cm.

How is refractive index defined

Real depth /Apparent = 4/3  (given)

So, 21-x/x =4/3

63-3x = 4x

63 = 7x

x= 9

 

It is thus clear that the container should be filled upto 21 - 9 = 12 cm height, so that the container appears to be half filled.

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