

Let us say that the level of water is away from the top of the container by x cm. The actual level of water would then be 21-x cm. Also, the apparent depth would be the same level x cm.
How is refractive index defined
Real depth /Apparent = 4/3 (given)
So, 21-x/x =4/3
63-3x = 4x
63 = 7x
x= 9
It is thus clear that the container should be filled upto 21 - 9 = 12 cm height, so that the container appears to be half filled.
