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Question:
A converging lens of refractive index 1.5 and of focal length 15 cm in air has the same radii of curvature on both the sides. If it is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.7, find the focal length of the lens in the liquid? What must be the refractive index of the lens so that it disappears when immersed in the liquid?
Answer:

Given,

Refractive index of the lens material, aμg =1.5

Focal length of the lens in air, fair = 15 cm

Using lens makers formula-

1/fair = (aμg-1) [1/R1 -1/R2]

1/15 = (1.5-1)[1/R1 -1/R2]

[1/R1 -1/R2] = 1/7.5

Refractive index of liquid, aμL =1.7

Refractive index of lens glass with respect to liquid, Lμg=aμg /aμL

 Lμg= 1.5/1.7 = 0.88

Let the focal length of the lens in liquid is-

1/fliquid = (Lμg-1)[1/R1 -1/R2]

1/fliquid = (0.88-1)[1/7.5]

= -0.015

So,fliquid = -66.67 cm

 

From the lens makers formula

1/f = (n-1)[1/R1 -1/R2]

Where n, is the refractive index of material of the lens with respect to refractive to refractive index of the medium.

n = nlens /n medium

If we take,

 refractive index of medium = refractive index of lens material

Then, n= 1

And 1/f =0

So power of lens is zero.

In this condition, the lens disappears in liquid.

So, to make the lens invisible in liquid, the refractive index of lens material should be equal to the refractive index of liquid.

Which is 1.7 in this question.

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