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Question:
An electron microscope uses electrons accelerated by a voltage of 50 kV. Determine the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electrons. If other factors (such as numerical aperture, etc.) are taken to be roughly the same, how does the resolving power of an electron microscope compare with that of an optical microscope which uses yellow light?
Answer:

Electrons are accelerated by a voltage, V= 50 kV =image452 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

Charge on an electron, e=image453 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

Mass of an electron, me=image454 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

Wavelength of yellow light = image455 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

The kinetic energy of the electron is given as:

E= eV

image456 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

image457 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

De Broglie wavelength is given by the relation:

image458 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

image459 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2image460 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-2

This wavelength is nearly 105 times less than the wavelength of yellow light.

The resolving power of a microscope is inversely proportional to the wavelength of light used. Thus, the resolving power of an electron microscope is nearly 105times that of an optical microscope.

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