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Question:
An electron and a photon each have a wavelength of 1.00 nm. Find (a) their momenta,(b) the energy of the photon, and(c) the kinetic energy of electron.
Answer:

Wavelength of an electron image157 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

image158 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1m

Planck’s constant, h=image159 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1Js

(a) The momentum of an elementary particle is given by de Broglie relation:

image133 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

image160 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

It is clear that momentum depends only on the wavelength of the particle. Since the wavelengths of an electron and a photon are equal, both have an equal momentum.

image161 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

(b) The energy of a photon is given by the relation:

image064 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

Where,

Speed of light, c=image162 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1m/s

image163 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

Therefore, the energy of the photon is 1.243 keV.

(c) The kinetic energy (K) of an electron having momentum p,is given by the relation:

image164 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

Where,

m= Mass of the electron = image165 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1kg

p = image166 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

image167 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

image168 NCERT Solutions class-12 physics Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Part-1

Hence, the kinetic energy of the electron is 1.51 eV.

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