Question:Define the term solution. How many types of solutions are formed? Write briefly about each type with an example.
Answer:Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or more than two components. Generally, the component that is present in the largest quantity is known as solvent. One or more components present in the solution other than solvent are called solutes. There are threee types of solutions based on physical states of solvent. These are gaseous solutions, liquid solutions and solid solutions. Each type of soltion can be divied further into three types based on physical state of solute, resulting total nine types of solutions.
Examples for gaseous solutions-
Gas in gas: Mixture of oxygen and nitrogen gases
Liquid in gas: Chloroform mixed with nitrogen gas
Solid in gas: Camphor in nitrogen gas
Examples for liquid solutions-
Gas in liquid: Oxygen dissolved in water
Liquid in liquid: Ethanol dissolved in water
Solid in liquid: Sugar dissolved in water
Examples for solid solutions-
Gas in solid: Solution of hydrogen in palladium
Liquid in solid: Amalgam of mercury with sodium
Solid in solid: Copper dissolved in gold